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Embankments are essential components of transportation infrastructure, providing crucial support for long stretches of highways, railways, and other routes in California and around the world. Clay embankments are susceptible to weather-related deterioration processes that can gradually compromise their stability and, in some cases, lead to unexpected failures. Climate change, along with the associated shifts in weather patterns, is projected to adversely impact the weather-related deterioration processes, leading to exacerbated failures and/or shorter service life. Additionally, climate change is projected to increase the frequency of extreme precipitation events, leading to an increase in embankment failure potential. This study evaluated (1) the effect of future climate scenarios on the long-term performance of clay embankments, and (2) the effect of extreme precipitation events brought about by future climate scenarios on the hydromechanical response of clay embankments to these extreme events. This study examined areas in central Los Angeles, California. Multi-phase hydromechanical geotechnical models were developed for exemplary high plasticity and low plasticity clay embankments with varied side slope angles. Overall, it was concluded that climate change is generally projected to adversely affect the performance of clay embankments both in the long-term and during extreme events, which can negatively impact critical national transportation infrastructure and disrupt the movement of people and goods.
Amr M. Morsy, PhD, PE
Dr. Amr Morsy is a professional civil engineer with experience in both academia and industry. His research focuses on geotechnical engineering, transportation geotechnics, environmental geotechnics, and climate adaptation. He obtained his B.Eng. and M.Sc. degrees in civil engineering from Cairo University in 2011 and 2013 respectively and obtained his PhD degree in civil engineering from The University of Texas at Austin in 2017. He worked as a postdoctoralfellow at The University of Texas at Austin in 2018 and as a practicing geotechnical engineer from 2018 to 2020. He later worked as a Research Associate at Loughborough University on the ACHILLES program grant from 2020 to 2022. He has been working as an Assistant Professor at California State University, Long Beach since 2022.
As part of his academic experience, Dr. Morsy conducts research on geotechnical infrastructure deterioration and asset management, climate change impacts on geotechnical infrastructure, and geotechnical solutions for sustainable built environments. He has excelled in physical and numerical modeling of geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering systems, infrastructure instrumentation, and laboratory experimentation. He participated in research projects sponsored by the Transportation Research Board of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council of the UK, the US Federal Highway Administration, the Geosynthetic Institute, and the Departments of Transportation of Texas and Indiana.
As part of his professional consulting experience, Dr. Morsy conducts rigorous analyses, designs, and forensic evaluations for a range of slopes, retaining walls, reinforced soil structures, deep excavations, bridge foundations, waste containment facilities, tailings dams, and embankment dams. He assisted expert witnesses in cases involving collapse and poor performance of earth retaining structures. He provided solutions to geotechnical problems in a number of environmental remediation projects involving cleanup of superfund sites. He conducted multi-phase flow analyses for several infrastructure features including earthworks, embankment dams, and cover systems.Some of the consulting projects he participated in served the US Environmental Protection Agency, New York State’s Department of Environmental Conservation, the Departments of Transportation of New York State and Indiana, Tennessee Valley Authority, New Jersey Transit, and several other multinational private and public corporates.
Mamata Sapkota
Mamata Sapkota is a graduate student in the Department of Civil Engineering and Construction Management at California State University, Long Beach. She obtained her B.Eng. degree in civil engineering from Tribhuvan University in 2023. She is currently working as a Research Assistant at the College of Engineering.
Emma Varela
Emma Varela is a physics major in her junior year at California State University, Long Beach with a passion for the discipline and its interdisciplinary applications. Emma’s academic and research experiences have allowed her to explore the intersection of physics with other fields, such as engineering and climatology, while developing technical expertise and problem-solving skills. The research she is currently contributing to utilizes climate simulations to evaluate the deterioration of earthworks, with its ultimate aim being to develop innovative solutions with lasting impacts.
Odalys Portillo
Odalys Portillo is an environmental engineering major in her junior year at California State University, Long Beach. The research she is currently contributing to utilizes climate simulations to evaluate the response of earthworks to extreme rainfall events.
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