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PUBLICATION
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MTI Report 01-12
A New Planning Template for Transit-Oriented Development
Principal Investigator: Dr. Dick Nelson
The purpose of this project
is to improve the planning methodology for Transit-Oriented Development
(TOD) by bringing into sharp focus the dynamics of the retail
marketplace and nonwork travel demand.
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ABSTRACT
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The
Mineta Transportation Institute (MTI) at San José State University assigned a project team to design a planning
template
for transit-oriented development (TOD) that incorporates an understanding
of nonwork travel, that is, trips for shopping, eating
out, and engaging in recreational and cultural activities. Nonwork trips
are growing in signifigance and now account for four
of every five trips. At the same time, TOD has become a popular planning
response to the impacts of metropolitan growth. Some
planners believe that TOD will induce more pedestrian and transit trips and
will reduce the average length and frequency of household
auto travel. This effect is assumed to result from improved accessibility
to employment and nonwork venues located in compact,
mixed-use centers. Planning professionals in many MPOs also suggest that if
multiple centers are linked by high quality transit,
such as light or heavy rail, access is enabled to the broad range of
nonwork activities.
The
project arrived at these essential findings: (1) Venues for nonwork
activities are very numerous and geographically dispersed. 2)
The spatial environment for nonwork activities is the result of growing
prosperity, technical innovation, and a dynamic, competitive marketplace.
(3) The consumer marketplace will provide many more places to go than mass
transit can cost-effectively serve.
(4) Current metropolitan planning methods and modeling tools focus on the
work trip and do not adequately account for the complexity
of nonwork trips and their linkage to work trips.
These
findings support the need for a new regional planning process to complement
current methods. One recommended approach is
that metropolitan communities establish a Nonwork Travel Improvement
Planning Process using a multidisciplinary expert advisory
group interacting with a core, Internet-enabled, professional
transportation planning staff. An iterative interaction across varied
but relevant skill sets could be achieved through a Backcasting Delphi
process. The focus of the interaction would be on understanding
the ramifications of consumer and retail industry behavior for TOD and
other new transportation strategies, and then
assessing the available strategies for cost-effectiveness in reducing the
impacts of growth and automobility in a complex and uncertain
metropolitan market.
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ABOUT
THE AUTHORS
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DICK NELSON
Dick Nelson is president
and senior researcher at Integrated Transport Research, a Washington State nonprofit corporation. He is also a Research
Associate at the Mineta
Transportation Institute. His recent work has focused on the integration of land
use and transportation, specifically the concept of transit-oriented
development. From 1977 through 1992, he was a member of the Washington State House
of Representatives, where he worked to establish state laws that address
growth management, state transportation planning, the linkage of transportation
and land use, incentives to use transit and carpool, and transportation demand
management. Over the past two decades, he has been a member of numerous
state and local boards, commissions, and advisory committees related to
transportation. He earned the Sc.D. from Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the BS from the University of Washington.
JOHN NILES
John Niles is founder and
president of Global Telematics, a contract research and policy consulting firm
based in Seattle, Washington that focuses on the interaction of
transportation and telecommunications. In addition, he is a Mineta Transportation
Institute Research Associate. Lately, the focus of his work has been the response
of transportation policy to the network economy. He has led research
studies on telecom-driven travel reduction for several Metropolitan Planning
Organizations and the United States Department of Energy. He is a member of
the Telecommunications and Travel Behavior Committee of the
Transportation Research Board and participates in the Washington State Telework Coalition. He earned the M.S. from the Graduate
School of Industrial
Administration at Carnegie Mellon University and the S.B. from Massachusetts
Institute of Technology.
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TECHNICAL
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MTI
Report 01-12
A New Planning Template for Transit-Oriented Development
Principal Investigator: Dr. Dick Nelson
Published: July 2001
Keywords: Nonwork travel, Regional urban planning, TOD,
Transit-oriented development
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MTI
Report 01-12
A
New Planning Template for Transit-Oriented Development
Principal Investigator: Dr. Dick Nelson
Published: July 2001
Keywords: Nonwork travel, Regional urban planning, TOD,
Transit-oriented development
PDF
Version
HTML Version |
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