TOD and Park-and-Ride: Which is Appropriate Where?

Although transit authorities in progressive urban regions on the West Coast seem to favor high-density housing development near transit stops to reduce automobile travel and increase use of public transit, professional literature indicates there is uncertainty about the relative impact of TOD compared with alternative strategies. Analyzing data with econometric modeling, the researchers will investigate and compare the transit ridership impacts of various observed combinations of TOD, P&R, and unmanaged market-driven development. By describing the characteristics of zones and transit service characteristics where TOD and/or parking are more suitable, the researchers intend to reduce professional uncertainty about the effectiveness of resource allocations to the two tactics for generating ridership.